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Sculptured thin films (STFs) are nanostructured materials with unidirectionally varying properties that can be designed and realized in a controllable manner using variants of physical vapor deposition. The ability to virtually instantaneously change the growth direction of their columnar morphology, through simple variations in the direction of the incident vapor flux, leads to a wide spectrum of columnar forms.〔A. Lakhtakia and R. Messier, ''Sculptured Thin Films: Nanoengineered Morphology and Optics'' (SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, USA, 2005).〕 ==Forms== These forms can be: # two-dimensional, ranging from the simple slanted columns and chevrons〔K. Robbie, L. J. Friedrich, S. K. Dew, T. J. Smy, and M. J. Brett, ''J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A'' 13, 1032 (1995).〕 to the more complex C- and S-shaped morphologies〔R. Messier, T. Gehrke, C. Frankel, V. C. Venugopal, W. Otano, and A. Lakhtakia, ''J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A'' 15, 2148 (1997).〕 # three-dimensional, including simple helixes and superhelixes # combinations of two- and three-dimensional forms. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sculptured thin film」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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